P18 'except in certain seasons, when more than the usual supply of rain falls, and an extraordinary growth of watermelons follows.'
watermelon, sandía, Citrullus lanatus

P53 '... creeping plants, which, having their roots buried far beneath the soil, feel little the effects of the scorching sun. The number of these which have tuberous roots is very great;...' '... the same thing occurs in Angola to a species of grape-bearing vine, which is so furnished for the same purpose. The plant to which I at present refer is one of the cucurbitaceae, which bears a small, scarlet-colored, eatable cucumber.'
puede ser Coccinia sesilifolia

P46 '... soap was procured from the ashes of the plant salsola, or from wood-ashes, which in Africa contain so little alkaline matter that the boiling of successive leys has to be continued for a month or six weeks before the fat is saponified.'
Salsola spp

P54 'Another plant, named Leroshua, is a blessing to the inhabitants of the Desert. ... a small plant with linear leaves, and a stalk not thicker than a crow's quill; on digging down a foot or eighteen inches beneath, we come to a tuber, often as large as the head of a young child; when the rind is removed, we find it to be a mass of cellular tissue, filled with fluid much like that in a young turnip. Owing to the depth beneath the soil at which it is found, it is generally deliciously cool and refreshing.'
puede ser Coccinia sessilifolia

P54 'Another kind, named Mokuri, is seen in other parts of the country, where long-continued heat parches the soil. This plant is an herbaceous creeper, and deposits under gound a number of tubers, some as large as a man's head, at spots in a circle a yard or more, horizontally, from the stem.'
mokuri ¿? Acanthosicyos naudinianus

P55 'the most surprising plant of the Desert is the “Kengwe or Köme” (Cucumis caffer), the watermelon. .... These melons are not, however, all of them eatable; some are sweet, and others so bitter that the whole are named by the Boers the “bitter watermelon. .... This peculiarity of one species of plants bearing both sweet and bitter fruits occurs also in a red, eatable cucumber, often met with in the country. It is about four inches long, and about an inch and a half in diameter. It is of a bright scarlet color when ripe. Many are bitter, others quite sweet.'
kengwe or kome” (Cucumis caffer ¿?) existe Citrullus caffer sinonimo de Citrullus lanatus, considerado la variedad citroides (melón Kalahari, Tsamma melón)
-Nesom, G.L. 2011. Toward consistency of taxonomic rank in wild/domesticated Cucurbitaceae. Phytoneuron 2011-13: 1–33. Mailed 7 March 2011. http://www.phytoneuron.net/PhytoN-CucurbConsistency.pdf
-Some Edible Wild Cucumbers (Cucurbitaceae) of Botswana. Botswana Notes and Records Vol. 1 (1968), pp. 5-8 https://journals.co.za/content/botnotes/1/1/AJA052550590_638
-Meeuse, A. D. J. 1962. The Cucurbitaceae of southern Africa. Bothalia 8:55 https://journals.abcjournal.aosis.co.za/index.php/abc/article/view/1611/1575

P62 'open forest and bush, with abundance of grass; the trees generally are a kind of acacia . called “Monáto,” which appears a little to the south of this region, and is common as far as Angola.'
monato Burkea africana

P71 ' The ad jacent country is all covered with low, thorny scrub, with grass, and here and there clumps of the “wait-a-bit thorn,” or Acacia detinens. At Lotlakāni (a little reed), another spring three miles farther down, we met with the first Palmyra trees which we had seen in South Africa; they were twenty-six in number.'
wait-a-bit thorn Acacia mellifera subsp. detinens
palmyra, podría ser Borassus aethiopum, pero es más probable que sea Hyphaene guineensis

P72 '... and remained without suspicion. At Nchokotsa we came upon the first of a great number of salt pans, covered with an efflorescence of lime, probably the nitrate. A thick belt of mopane-trees (a Bauhinia) hides this salt-pan, ...'
mopane Colophospermum mopane

P74 'made their bows of the Palma Christi, and, when these broke, they gave up fighting altogether.¡
Palma-christi Ricinus communis

P82 'The trees which adorn the banks are magnificent. Two enor mous baobabs (Adamsonia digitata), or mowanas, grow near its confluence with the lake' ... 'The palmyra appears here and there among trees not met with in the south.'
baobab Adansonia digitata
palmyra, podría ser Borassus aethiopum, pero es más probable que sea Hyphaene guineensis

P82 'The mokuchong, or moshoma, bears an edible fruit of indifferent quality, but the tree itself would be a fire specimen of arboreal beauty in any part of the world. The trunk is often converted into canoes.'
puede ser Diospyros mespiliformis

P82 'The motsouri, which bears a pink plum containing a pleasant acid juice, resembles an orange-tree in its dark evergreen foliage, and a cypress in its form.'
motsouri, African mangosteen Garcinia livingstonei

P85 'The plants and bushes were dry; but wild indigo abounded, as indeed it does over large tracts of Africa. It is called mohetólo, or the “changer,” by the boys, who dye their ornaments of straw with the juice.'
¿?

P86 '... of nets made of the fine, strong fibres of the hibiscus, which grows abundantly in all moist places. Their float-ropes are made of the ifé, or, as it is now called, the Sanseviere Angolensis, a flag-looking plant, having a very strong fibre, that abounds from Kolobeng to Angola;'
probablemente Hibiscus cannabinus
-Fibres. Brink, M. & Achigan-Dako, E.G. https://books.google.es/books?id=AspmAgAAQBAJ
Sansevieria cylindrica

P87 'rope made of the young leaves of the palmyra'
probablemente Hyphaene guineensis

P94 'They had lost their crop of corn (Holcus sorghum), and now subsisted almost entirely on the root called “tsitla,” a kind of aroidoea, which contains a very large quantity of sweet-tasted starch. When dried, pound ed into meal, and allowed to ferment, it forms a not unpleasant article of food.'
corn ¿?, sorgo Sorghum bicolor
tsitla Typha capensis

P105 'These are generally covered with wild date-trees and palmyras, and in some parts there are forests of mimosae and mopane. Occasionally the country between the Chobe and Zambesi is flooded, ...'
date-trees, palmera datilera Phoenix reclinata
palmyras Borassus aethiopum

P109 'The eastern zone is often furnished with mountains, well wooded with evergreen succulent trees, on which neither fire nor droughts can have the smallest effect (Strelitzia, Zamia horrida, Portulacaria afra, Schotia speciosa, Euphorbias, and Aloes arborescens); and its seaboard gorges are clad with gigantic timber.'
Strelitzia spp
Encephalartos horridus (=Zamia horrida)
Portulacaria afra
Schotia afra (=Schotia speciosa)
Aloe arborescens

P110 'instead of an extended country with a flora of the Disa grandiflora, gladiolus, rushes, and lichens, which now appear on Table Mountain, we should have only the hardy vegetation of the Kalahari.'
Disa uniflora (=Disa grandiflora)

P113 'their charge. One of this family is edible (Mesembryanthemum edule); an other possesses a tuberous root, which may be eaten raw ; and all are furnished with thick, fleshy leaves, ...'
Carpobrotus edulis (=Mesembryanthemum edule)

P126 'There the vegetation consists of fine grass grow. ing in tufts among low bushes of the “wait-a-bit” thorn (Acacia detinens), with its annoying fish-hook-like spines.'
Acacia mellifera (Acacia mellifera subsp. detinens = Acacia detinens)

P126 'Where these rocks do not appear on the surface, the soil consists of yellow sand and tall, coarse grasses, growing among berry-yielding bushes, named moretloa (Grewia flava) and mohatla (Tarchonanthus), which has enough of aromatic resinous matter to burn brightly, though perfectly green.'
moretloa Grewia flava

P126 'In more sheltered spots we come on clumps of the white-thorned mimosa (Acacia horrida, also A. atomiphylla), and great abundance of wild sage (Salvia africana), ...'
Vachellia horrida (=Acacia horrida)
Salvia africana

P126 '... and various leguminosae, ixias, and large-flowering bulbs: the Amaryllis toricaria and A. Brunsvigia multiflora (the former a poisonous bulb) yield in the decayed lamellae a soft, silky down, a good material for stuffing mattresses.'
Boophone disticha (=Amaryllis toxicaria)
Brunsvigia orientalis

P126 'In some few parts of the country the remains of ancient forests of wild olive-trees (Olea similis) and of the camel-thorn (Acacia giraffe) are still to be met with ; but when these are leveled in the proximity of a Bechuana village, no young trees spring up to take their places.'
Olea europaea subsp. cuspidata (=Olea similis), podría referirse a Olea capensis
Acacia erioloba (=Acacia giraffae)

P127 ' ... we always observe a curious plant, named ngotuané, which bears such a profusion of fine yellow strong scented flowers as quite to perfume the air. …. contains an active poison; a French gentleman, having imbibed a mouthful or two of an infusion of its flowers as tea, found himself rendered nearly powerless.'
¿?

P169 'The natives all cultivate the dourrha or holcus sorghum, maize, pumpkins, melons, cucumbers, and dif ferent kinds of beans;...'
Sorghum bicolor

P178 'The milk of goats does not coagulate with facility, like that of cows, on account of its richness; but the natives have discovered that the infusion of the fruit of a solanaceous plant, Toluane, quickly produces the effect.'
¿?

P180 Mowana: Adansonia digitata DETALLADA DESCRPICIÓN
Adansonia digitata

P182 Mopane: Colophospermum mopane DETALLA DESCRIPCIÓN
Colophospermum mopnae

P185 'Proceeding to the north, from Kama-kama, we entered into dense Mohonono bush, which required the constant application of the axe by three of our party for two days.'
mohonono Terminalia sericea

P189 'The poison more generally employed is the milky juice of the tree Euphorbia (E. arborescens).
http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/search?q=Euphorbia+arborescens
Euphorbia grandidens (=Euborbia arborescens)

P189 'This substance is used all over the country, though in some places the venom of serpents and a certain bulb, Amaryllis toxi caria, are added, in order to increase the virulence.
Boophone disticha (=Amaryllis toxicaria)

P190 'The Bushmen of these districts are generally fine, well-made men, and are nearly independent of every one. We observed them to be fond of a root somewhat like a kidney potato, and the kernel of a nut, which Fleming thought was a kind of betel; the tree is a fine, large-spreading one, and the leaves palmate.
¿?

P191 '... the vines festooned the trees, among which appeared the real banian (Ficus Indica), with its drop-shoots, and the wild date and palmyra, and several other trees which were new to me;...'
podría tratarse de Ficus cordata subsp. salicifiolia (=Ficus indica Forssk.), ya que Ficus indica L. es sinónimo de Ficus benghalensis que no está presenta en África

P204 'They drink large quantities of boyáloa or o-álo, the baza of the Arabs, which, being made of the grain called holcus sorghum or “dura saifi,” in a minute state of subdivision, is very nutritious, and gives that plumpness of form which is considered beautiful.'
Sorghum bicolor

P215 'The Makalaka cultivate the Holcus sorghum, or dura, as the prin cipal grain, with maize, two kinds of beans, ground-nuts (Arachis hypogaea), pumpkins, watermelons, and cucumbers. They depend for success entirely upon rain. Those who live in the Barotse valley cultivate in addition the sugar-cane, sweet potato, and manioc (Jatropha manihot). The climate there, however, is warmer than at Linyanti, and the Makalaka increase the fertility of their gardens by rude attempts at artificial irrigation.'
ground-nuts, cacahuetes Arachis hypogaea
maniot Manihot esculenta

P216 'Sekeletu receives tribute from a great number of tribes in corn or dura, ground-nuts, hoes, spears, honey, canoes, paddles, wood en vessels, tobacco, mutokuane (Cannabis sativa), various wild fruits (dried), prepared skins, and ivory.'
mutokuane Cannabis sativa

P221 'The other parts of the more elevated land have the camel-thorn (Acacia giraffae), white-thorned mimosa (Acacia horrida), and baobabs. In sandy spots there are palmyras ...'
Acacia erioloba (=Acacia giraffae)
Vachellia horrida (=Acacia horrida)

P223 '...their paddles, ten feet in height, are of a kind of wood called molompi, very light, yet as elastic as ash.'
molompi Pterocarpus erinaceus

P232 'Both islands and banks are covered with forest, and most of the trees on the brink of the water send down roots from their branches like the banian, or Ficus Indica.'
probablemente Ficus cordata subsp. salicifiolia

P232 'Other Banyeti, or Manyeti, as they are called, make neat and strong baskets of the split roots of a certain tree, while others excel in pottery and iron.'
el material utilizado en la zona para la mayoría de las cestas son las hojas de la palmera Hyphaene petersiana , que pueden ser teñidas con la raíz o la corteza de Euclea divinorum y Berchemia discolor.
- https://botswanacraft.com/basketry

233 'We dug out some of an inferior kind of potato (Sisinyáne) from his garden, for when once planted it never dies out. This root is bitter and waxy, though it is cultivated.'
¿?

P240 '... the Banyeti have fine gardens, and raise great quantities of maize, millet, and native corn (Holcus sorghum), of large grain and beautifully white. They grow, also, yams, sugar-cane, the Egyptian arum, sweet potato (Convolulus batata), two kinds of manioc or cassava (Jatropha manihot and J. utilissima, a variety containing scarcely any poison), besides pumpkins, melons, beans, and ground-nuts.'
Egyptian arum Colocasia esculenta

P252 'Among the trees may be observed some species of the Ficus Indica, light-green colored acacias, the splendid motsintsela, and evergreen cypress-shaped motsouri. The fruit of the last named was ripe, and the villagers presented many dishes of its beautiful pink-colored plums; they are used chiefly to form a pleasant acid drink. The motsintsela is a very lofty tree, yielding a wood of which good canoes are made; the fruit is nutritious and good, but, like many wild fruits of this country, the fleshy parts require to be enlarged by cultivation: it is near ly all stone.'
motsintsela Berchemia discolor
motsouri Guibourtia coleosperma

P256 'The villages of the Banyeti contributed large quantities of mosibe, a bright red bean yielded by a large tree. The pulp inclosing the seed is not much thicker than a red wafer, and is the portion used. It requires the addition of honey to render it at all palatable.'
mosibe Elephantorrhiza elephantina

P256 '... a variety of the nux vomica, from which we derive that virulent poison strychnia. The pulp between the nuts is the part eaten, and it is of a pleasant juicy nature, having a sweet acidulous taste. The fruit itself resembles a large yellow orange,but the rind is hard, and, with the pips and bark, contains much of the deadly poison. They evince their noxious qualities by an intensely bitter taste. The nuts, swallowed inadvertently, cause considerable pain, but not death; and to avoid this inconvenience, the people dry the pulp before the fire, in order to be able the more easily to get rid of the noxious seeds.'
podría tratarse de Strychnos spinosa

P257 'A much better fruit, called mobola, was also presented to us. This bears, around a pretty large stone, as much of the fleshy part as the common date, and it is stripped off the seeds and preserved in bags in a similar manner to that fruit. Besides sweetness, the mobola has the flavor of strawberries, with a touch of nauseousness.'
mobola, mabola Parinari curatellifolia mabola
-South African Indigenous Fruits http://southafrica.co.za/mobola-plum-fruit.html http://southafrica.co.za/indigenous-fruits.html

P257 'The next fruit, named mamosho (mother of morning), is the most delicious of all. It is about the size of a walnut, and, unlike most of the other uncultivated fruits, has a seed no larger than that of a date. The fleshy part is juicy, and somewhat like the cashew-apple, with a pleasant acidity added. Fruits similar to those which are here found on trees are found on the plains of the Kalahari, growing on mere herbaceous plants.'
mamosho ¿?

P282 'The men went about during the day, and brought back wild fruits of several varieties, which I had not hitherto seen. One, called mogamétsa, is a bean with a little pulp round it, which tastes like sponge-cake; another, named mawa, grows abundantly on a low bush. There are many berries and edible bulbs almost every where. The mamósho or moshomósho, and milo (a medlar), were to be found near our encampment.'
¿?

P282 There are many fruits and berries in the forests, the uses of which are unknown to my companions. Great numbers of a kind of palm I have never met with before were seen growing at and below the confluence of the Loeti and Leeambye; the seed probably came down the former river. It is nearly as tall as the palmyra. The fruit is larger than of that species; it is about four inches long, and has a soft yellow pulp round the kernel or seed; when ripe, it is fluid and stringy, like the wild mango, and not very pleasant to eat.'
puede ser Hyphaene petersiana

P288 'In one part we came upon groups of lofty trees as straight as masts, with festoons of orchilla-weed hanging from the branches. This, which is used as a dye-stuff, is found nowhere in the dry country to the south.'

P289 'The maroro or malolo now appears, and is abundant in many parts between this and Angola. It is a small bush with a yellow fruit, and in its appearance a dwarf “anona.” The taste is sweet, and the fruit is wholesome: it is full of seeds, like the custard-apple.'
maroro Annona senegalensis

P293 'Baskets of the purple fruit called mawa were frequently brought to us by the villagers; ...'
podría tratarse de Garcinia livingstonei
-Flora of Zambia https://www.zambiaflora.com/speciesdata/species.php?species_id=140450

P305 '... to the confluence of the Leeba and Leeambye. - A species of the silver-tree of the Cape (Leucodendron argenteum) is found in abundance in the parts through which we have traveled since leaving Samoana's. As it grows at a height of between two and three thousand feet above the level of the sea, on the Cape Table Mountain, and again on the northern ...'
silver-tree Leucadendron argenteum

P306 'The bark of a fine tree found in abundance here, and called “motuia,” is used by the Barotse for making fish-lines and nets, and the “molompi,” so well adapted for paddles by its lightness and flexibility, was abundant.'
motuia ¿?
molompi Pterocarpus erinaceus

P307 'This being the rainy season, great quantities of mushrooms were met with, and were eagerly devoured by my companions: the edible variety is always found growing out of ant-hills, and attains the diameter of the crown of a hat; they are quite white, and very good, even when eaten raw; they occupy an extensive region of the interior; some, not edible, are of a brilliant red, and others are of the same light blue as the paper used by apotheca ries to put up their medicines.'
podría tratarse de Termitomyces schimperi

P312 'In the courts were small plantations of tobacco, and a little solanaceous plant which the Balonda use as a relish; also sugar-cane and bananas. Many of the poles have grown again, and trees of the Ficus Indica family have been planted around, in order to give to the inhabitants a grateful shade: they regard this tree with some sort of veneration as a medicine or charm.'
podría tratarse de Solanum nigrum
-RechearGate https://www.researchgate.net/publication/253341994_Good_Agricultural_Practices_for_African_Nightshade_Production_in_Sub-Saharan_Africa
Infonet https://www.infonet-biovision.org/PlantHealth/Crops/African-Nightshade

P318 'The Ficus Indica tree, under which we now sat, had very large leaves, but showed its relationship to the Indian banian by send ing down shoots toward the ground.'

P336 'The grains, as maize, lotsa (Pennisetum typhoideum), lokésh or millet, are to be seen at all stages of their growth—some just ripe, while at this time the Makololo crops are not half grown.'
lotsa Pennisetum glacum (=Pennisetum thyphodeum)

P337 '..., but they kill large quantities of fishes by means of the bruised leaves of a shrub, which may be seen planted beside every village in the country.'
-Plants used for poison fishing in tropical Africa https://www.researchgate.net/publication/8407655_Plants_used_for_poison_fishing_in_tropical_Africa

P356 'Reaching the village of Kabinje, in the evening he sent us a present of tobacco, Mutokuane or “bang” (Cannabis sativa), and maize'
bang Cannabis sativa

P373 'Another (the Uncaria procumbens, or Grapple-plant) has so many hooked thorns as to cling most tenaciously to any animal to which it may become attached; ...'
grapple-plant Harpagophytum procumbens (=Uncaria procumbens)

P374 'The plants above mentioned bear a pret ty pink flower close to the ground, which is succeeded by a scar let fruit full of seeds, yielding, as so many fruits in this coun try do, a pleasant acid juice, ...'
podría ser una especie del género Aframomum

P407 'We had come among lofty trees again. One of these, bearing a fruit about the size of a thirty-two pounder, is named Mononga-zambi.'
¿?

P416 'The hills are all bedecked with trees of various hues of foliage, and among them towers the graceful palm, which yields the oil of commerce for making our soaps, and the intoxicating toddy.'
oil palm Elaeis guineensis

P418 'We were quite shut in among green hills, many of which were cultivated up to their tops with manioc, coffee, cotton, ground-nuts, bananas, pine-apples, guavas, papaws, custard-apples, pitangas, and jambos, fruits brought from South America by the former missionaries.'
papaw Asimina triloba
jambo, yambo Syzygium jambos

P433 '... there being no musquitoes, we could now better enjoy the scenery. Ranges of hills occupy both sides of our path, and the fine level road is adorned with a beau tiful red flower named Bolcamaria.'
¿?

P437 'The banks of the Lucalla are very pretty, well planted with orange-trees, bananas, and the palm (Elaeis Guineensis) which yields the oil of commerce. Large plantations of maize, manioc, and to bacco are seen along both banks, which'

P445 'The men of all these classes trust to their wives for food, and spend most of their time in drink ing the palm-toddy. This toddy is the juice of the palm-oil-tree (Elaeis Guineensis), which, when tapped, yields a sweet, clear liquid, not at all intoxicating while fresh, but, when allowed to stand till the afternoon, causes inebriation and many crimes. This toddy, called malova, is the bane of the country.'

P462 'In the latter, we were pleased to see our old acquaintances, the gaudy gladiolus, Amaryllis toxicaria, hymanthus, and other bulbs in as flourishing a condition as at the Cape.'
Boophone disticha
Haemanthus

P469 'malarious matter from the system, I recommed the use of quinine. He himself applied the leaf of a plant called cathory, famed among the natives as an excellent remedy for ulcers. The cathory leaves, when boiled, exude a gummy Juice, which effectually shuts out the external air. Each remedy, of course, claimed the merit of the cure.'
cathory ¿?

P471 'In the construction of this instrument they make use of caoutchouc, which, with a variety of other gums, is found in different parts of this country.'
caoutchouc, puede tratarse de Congo rubber (Landolphia kirkii)

P498 'After leaving Cabango on the 21st, we crossed several little streams running into the Chihombo on our left, and in one of them I saw tree ferns (Cyathea dregei) for the first time in Africa.'
tree ferns Cyathea dregei

P521 'As I had been desirous of introducing some of the fruit-trees of Angola, both for my own sake and that of the inhabitants, we had carried a pot containing a little plantation of orange, cashew trees, custard-apple-trees (anoma), and a fig-tree, with coffee, araças (Araça pomifera), and papaws (Carica papaya)'.
araça Psidium guajava

P532 'At this village there is a real Indian banian-tree, which has spread itself over a considerable space by means of roots from its branches; it has been termed, in consequence, “the tree with legs” (more oa maotu). It is curious that trees of this family are looked upon with veneration, and all the way from the Barotse to Loanda are thought to be preservatives from evil.'
Ficus cordata

P558 'At the period of our visit several trees were spangled over with blossoms. Trees have each their own physiognomy. There, towering over all, stands the great burly baobab, each of whose enormous arms would form the trunk of a large tree, beside groups of graceful palms, which, with their feathery-shaped leaves depicted on the sky, lend their beauty to the scene. As a hieroglyphic they always mean “far from home,” for one can never get over their foreign air in a picture or landscape. The silvery mohonono, which in the tropics is in form like the cedar of Lebanon, stands in pleasing contrast with the dark color of the motsouri, whose cypress-form is dotted over at present with its pleasant scarlet fruit.'
mohonono Terminalia sericea
motsouri Gracinia livingstonei

P573 'It is remarkable that we now meet with the same trees we saw in descending toward the west coast. A kind of sterculia, which is the most common tree at Loanda, and the baobab, flourish here; and the tree called moshuka, which we found near Tala Mungongo, was now yielding its fruit, which resembles small apples. The people brought it to us in large quantities: it tastes like a pear, but has a harsh rind, and four large seeds within.'
sterculia ¿?
moshuka ¿?

P574 'We obtained baskets of manéko, a curious fruit, with a horny rind, split into five pieces: these sections, when chewed, are full of a fine glutinous matter, and sweet like sugar. The seeds are covered with a yellow silky down, and are not eaten: the entire fruit is about the size of a walnut. We got also abundance of the motsouri and mamosho. We saw the Batoko eating the beans called nju, which are contained in a large square pod; also the pulp between the seeds of nux vomica, and the motsintséla.
maneko
motsouri Gracinia livingstonei
mamosho ¿?
nju beans
motsinsela, motsintsile: Berchemia discolor

P574 'Other fruits become ripe at other seasons, as the motsikiri, which yields an oil, and is a magnificent tree, bearing masses of dark evergreen leaves; so that, from the general plenty, one can readily believe the statement made by the Batoka. We here saw trees allowed to stand in gardens, and some of the Batoka even plant them, a practice seen nowhere else among natives. A species of leucodendron abounds.
motsikiri (Eragrostis pallens ¿?)

P575 '... many trees having put forth their fresh green leaves at the time the rains ought to have come. Among the rest stands the mola, with its dark brownish green color and spreading oak-like form.'
mola ¿?

P579 'The Batoka of these parts are very degraded in their appear ance, and are not likely to improve, either physically or mentally, while so much addicted to smoking the mutokwane (Cannabis sativa). …. This pernicious weed is extensively used in all the tribes of the interior. … Some view everything as if looking in through the wide end of a telescope, and others, in passing over a straw, lift up their feet as if about to cross the trunk of a tree.'
mutokwane Cannabis sativa

P581 'A tree attracted my attention as new, the leaves being like those of an acacia, but the ends of the branches from which they grew resembled closely oblong fir-cones.
¿?

P581 'A flower as white as the snowdrop now begins to appear, and farther on it spots the whole sward with its beautiful pure white. A fresh crop appears every morning, and if the day is cloudy they do not expand till the afternoon. In an hour or so they droop and die. They are named by the natives, from their shape, “Tlaku ea pitse,” hoof of zebra.'
tlaku ea pitse ¿?

P591 'A very large portion of this quarter is covered with masuka trees, and the ground was so strewed with the pleasant fruit that my men kept eating it constantly as we marched along. We saw a smaller kind of the same tree, named Molondo, the fruit of which is about the size of marbles, having a tender skin, and slight acidity of taste mingled with its sweetness. ... Another tree which is said to yield good fruit is named Sombo, but it was not ripe at this season.'
masuka
molondo
sombo

P624 'The position of the village of Mburuma's mother was one of great beauty, quite inclosed by high, steep hills; and the valleys are all occupied by gardens of native corn and maize, which grow luxuriantly.¡
native corn ¿? and maize

P627 'This mango-tree he knew by its proper name, and we found seven others and several tamarinds, and were informed that the chief Mburuma sends men annually to gather the fruit, but, like many Africans whom I have known, has not had patience to propagate more trees.'
mango Mangifera indica
tamarindo Tamarindus indica

P638 'The Maravi, for instance, raise sweet potatoes of immense size, but when these are planted on the southern bank they soon degenerate. The root of this plant (Convolvulus batata) does not keep more than two or three days, unless it is cut into thin slices and dried in the sun, but the Maravi manage to preserve them for months by digging a pit and burying them therein inclosed in wood-ashes.'
sweet potatoes, batata Ipomoea batatas

P645 'There are many tamarind-trees, and another very similar, which yields a fruit as large as a small walnut, of which the elephants are very fond. It is called Motondo, and the Portuguese extol its timber as excellent for building boats, as it does not soon rot in water.'
motondo

P654 'We found that many elephants had been feeding on the fruit called Mokoronga. This is a black-colored plum, having purple juice. We all ate it in large quantities, as we found it delicious. The only defect it has is the great size of the seed in comparison with the pulp. This is the chief fault of all uncultivated wild fruits. The Mokoronga exists throughout this part of the country most abundantly, and the natives eagerly devour it, as it is said to be perfectly wholesome, or, as they express it, “It is pure fat,” and fat is by them considered the best of food.'
mokoronga

P670 'Large white edible mushrooms are found on the ant-hills, and are very good. The mokūri, a tuber which abounds in the Mopane country, they discovered by percussing the ground with stones; and another tuber, about the size of a turnip, called “bonga,” is found in the same situations. It does not determine to the joints like the mokuri, and in winter has a sensible amount of salt in it. A fruit called “ndongo" by the Makololo, “dongolo” by the Bambiri, resembles in ap pearance a small plum, which becomes black when ripe, and is good food, as the seeds are small. Many trees are known by tradition, and one receives curious bits of information in asking about different fruits that are met with. A tree named “sheka bakádzi” is superior to all others for making fire by friction. As its name implies, women may even readily make fire by it when benighted.'
ant-hills mushrooms: puede tratare de Termitomyces
mokuri tuber
bonga tuber
ndongo fruit, dongolo fruit
sheka bakádzi
The Scientific World Journal 2013 ID 601435. Proximate Analysis of Five Wild Fruits of Mozambique
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3745983/pdf/TSWJ2013-601435.pdf/?tool=EBI

P681 'The indigo (Indigofera argentea, the common wild indigo of Africa) is found growing every where, and large quantities of the senna-plant* grow in the village of Tete and other parts, but neither indigo nor senna is collected. - *These appear to belong to Cassia acutifolia, or true senna of commerce, found in various parts of Africa and India.--Dr. Hooker.'
indigo Indigofera argentea
senna Senna alexandrina (=Cassia acutifolia)

P684 'All the cultivation is carried on with hoes in the native manner, and considerable quantities of Holcus sorghum, maize, Pennisetum typhoideum, or lotsa of the Balonda, millet, rice, and wheat are raised, as also several kinds of beans—one of which, called “litloo" by the Bechuanas, yields under ground, as well as the Arachis hypogaea, or ground-nut; with cucumbers, pumpkins, and melons. The wheat is sown in low-lying places which are annually flooded by the Zambesi.'
lotasa Pennisetum glaucum

P686 'The Portuguese are unable to navigate the Shire up to the Lake Nyanja, because of the great abundance of a water-plant which re quires no soil, and which they name “alfacinya” (Pistia stratiotes), from its resemblance to a lettuce. This completely obstructs the progress of canoes.'
alfacinya Pistia stratiotes

P690 'I asked the commandant if he knew of any plant fit for the production of paper. He procured specimens of the fibrous tissue of a species of aloe, named Congé, and some also from the root of a wild date, and, lastly, of a plant named Buáze, the fibres of which, though useless for the manufacture of paper, are probably a suitable substitute for flax.'
conge
buaze Securidaca longipedunculata

P692 ' It is called in the native tongue Kumbanzo. The flowers are reported to be white. The pods are in pairs, a foot or fifteen inches in length, and contain a groove on their inner sides. The thick soft bark of the root is the part used by the natives; the Portuguese use that of the tree itself.'
kumbanzo Holarrhena pubescens

P694 'Medicinal plants. I add the native names of a few of their remedies in order to assist the inquirer:
Mupanda panda: this is used in fever for producing perspiration; the leaves are named Chirussa; the roots dye red, and are very astringent. Goho or Goð: this is the ordeal medicine; it is both purgative and emetic.
Mutuva or Mntumbue: this plant contains so much oil that it serves as lights in Londa; it is an emollient drink for the cure of coughs, and the pounded leaves answer as soap to wash the head.
Nyamucu ucu has a curious softening effect on old dry grain.
Mussakasi is believed to remove the effects of the Goo.
Mudama is a stringent vermifuge.
Mapubuza dyes a red color.
Musikizi yields an oil.
Shin kondo: a virulent poison; the Maravi use it in their ordeal, and it is very fatal. Kanunka utare is said to expel serpents and rats by its pungent smell, which is not at all disagreeable to man; this is probably a kind of Zanthorylon, perhaps the Z.melancantha of Western Africa, as it is used to expel rats and serpents there.
Mussonzoa dyes cloth black. Mussio: the beans of this also dye black.
Kangome, with flowers and fruit like Mocha coffee; the leaves are much like those of the sloe, and the seeds are used as coffee or eaten as beans.
Kanembe-embe: the pounded leaves used as an extemporaneous glue for mending broken vessels. Ka tunguru is used for killing fish.
Mutavea Nyerere: an active caustic.
Mudiacoro: also an external caustic, and used internally. Kapande: another ordeal plant, but used to produce diaphoresis.
Karumgasura: also diaphoretic. Munyazi yields an oil, and is one of the ingredients for curing the wounds of poisoned arrows.
Uom bue: a large root employed in killing fish.
Kakumate: used in intermittents.
Musheteko: applied to ulcers, and the infusion also internally in amenorrhoea.
Inyakanyanya: this is seen in small, dark-colored, crooked roots of pleasant aro matic smell and slightly bitter taste, and is highly extolled in the treatment of fever; it is found in Manica.
Eskinencia: used in croup and sore-throat.
Itaca or Itaka: for diaphoresis in fever; this root is brought as an article of barter by the Arabs to Kilimane; the natives purchase it eagerly.
Mukundukundu: a decoction used as a febrifuge in the same way as quinine; it grows plentifully at Shupanga, and the wood is used as masts for launches. I may here add the recipe of Brother Pedro of Zumbo for the cure of poisoned wounds, in order to show the similarity of practice among the natives of the Zambesi, from whom, in all probability, he acquired his knowledge, and the Bushmen of the Kalahari. It consists of equal parts of the roots of the Calumba, Musheteko, Abutua, Batatinya, Pa regekanto, Itaka, or Kapande, put into a bottle and covered with common castor oil. As I have before observed, I believe the oily ingredient is the effectual one, and ought to be tried by any one who has the misfortune to get wounded by a Bushman's or Banyai arrow.'
mupanda Lonchocarpus capassa
mutuva Grewia similis
mukundukundu Hexalobus monopetalus

P708 'On passing the Shire we observed great quantities of the plant Alfacinya, already mentioned, floating down into the Zambesi. It is probably the Pistia stratiotes, a gigantic “duck-weed.” It was mixed with quantities of another aquatic plant, which the Barotse named “Njéfu,” containing in the petiole of the leaf a pleasant-tasted nut. This was so esteemed by Sebituane that he made it part of his tribute from the subjected tribes. Dr. Hook er kindly informs me that the njefu “is probably a species of Trapa, the nuts of which are eaten in the south of Europe and in India. Government derives a large revenue from them in Kashmir, amounting to £12,000 per annum for 128,000 ass-loads: The ancient Thracians are said to have eaten them largely. In the south of France they are called water-chestnuts.” The exist ence of these plants in such abundance in the Shire may show that it flows from large collections of still water. We found them growing in all the still branches and lagoons of the Leeambye in the far north, and there also we met a beautiful little floating plant, the Azolla Nilotica, which is found in the upper Nile. They are seldom seen in flowing streams.
alfacinya Pistia stratiotes
njéfu, water-chestnut Trapa natans
Azolla nilotica

Especies más significativas de la obra

Referencias

Missionary Travels and Researches in South Africa
https://books.google.es

Flora of Zimbabwe
https://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw

African Plants
http://www.africanplants.senckenberg.de

Flora of Caprivi (Namibia)
https://www.capriviflora.com

Livingstore online
https://www.livingstoneonline.org/

Trees and Shrubs of Mpumalanga and Kruger National Park
https://books.google.es

Wild Flowers of Southeast Botswana
https://books.google.es

David Livingstone and the Myth of African Poverty and Disease: A Close examination of his writing on the pre-colonial era. Sjoerd Rijpma 2015
https://books.google.es

The Plant-Book: A Portable Dictionary of the Vascular Plants. D. J. Mabberley
https://books.google.es

Flora y Fauna de Botswana y Namibia
plantasyhongos.es